Xi Jinping in India: Concerns over China's infrastructure construction in Arunachal

A report by British media outlet The Independent said satellite images have shown the construction of various infrastructure, including new roads, buildings, and helipads, in areas adjacent to the disputed border. Local residents allege that due to these activities, they are being forced to move away from areas traditionally used for yak grazing, hunting, and livelihood.

China claims Arunachal Pradesh as part of its territory and refers to the region as ‘South Tibet’. Local residents and indigenous organizations claim that the presence and activity of Chinese forces are also being seen inside the Indian side of the border.

Analysts said analysis of satellite images found evidence of new construction, road widening, and helipad construction around the town of Zhari on the Chinese-controlled side of the border. They believe the possibility that some facilities are being used for military purposes cannot be ruled out.

Meanwhile, in August, a team of representatives from local residents and indigenous organizations collected information on the ground in the Gelemo and Taksing areas. They claim that in areas where Indian soldiers previously patrolled regularly, Chinese forces are now being seen. It has also been alleged that locals are being prevented from entering areas traditionally used for hunting and yak grazing.

Local organizations in Arunachal have submitted a memorandum to the district administration on the matter. They claim that due to China's construction of roads, bridges, and military installations, the local population is gradually at risk of losing traditional land. At the same time, they called for the matter to be considered not merely as local development but as an issue of national security and strategic interest.

Xi Jinping's visit to India is taking place a few years after a major deterioration in India-China relations following the 2020 Galwan clash. Although the governments of both countries say the border situation is relatively normal, allegations by locals and satellite images indicate that China's infrastructure expansion in the border area continues.